6th Standard, Social Science, Chapter 5
RISE OF NEW RELIGIONS
EXERCISE
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
1. Gautama Buddha was born in Lumbini near Kapilavastu of Nepal.
2. Gautama Buddha preached his teaching in Pali language.
3. Jina means the one who has conquered attachment (Moha).
4. The 23rd Thirthankara of Jainism was Parshvanatha.
5. The section who wears white clothes belongs to Shwethambara section of Jainism.
II. Answer the following questions in one sentence.
1. Who were the parents of Gautama Buddha?
Answer: Gautama Buddha’s father Shudodhana and his mother was Mayadevi.
2. Where did the Buddha give his first sermon?
Answer: Buddha gave his first sermon to five disciples at Saranath near Varanasi of present Uttar Pradesh for the first time.
3. What is the meaning of ‘Dharma Chakra Pravartana’?
Answer: Buddha preached his thoughts to five disciples at Saranath near Varanasi of present Uttar Pradesh for the first time. This incident is identified as ‘Dharma Chakra Pravartana’.
4. What did Mahaveera preach?
Answer: Vardhamana Mahaveera taught non-violence to his disciples. He wanted them not to commit theft and amassing wealth and not to lie. He preached celibacy.
5. Name the important republics of ancient India.
Answer: Magadha, Kosala, Vatsa and Vajji are the important republics of ancient India.
III. Discuss.
1. What are the teachings of Buddha?
Answer: The aim of Buddha’s teachings was to attain Knowledge by practicing purity in life and thought. He called this as Dhamma. The world is full of Sorrow. Desire is the reason for Sorrow. Whoever wins over Desire attains Nirvana (liberation). He taught eightfold path to attain Nirvana which includes right view, right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness and right concentration. This is called as Ashtanga Marga.
IV. Match the Following words in Column ‘A’ with their descriptions in Column ‘B’.
A B
1. Gautama Buddha (a) Republic
2. Mahaveera (b) The sacred books of Buddhists
3. Vajji (c) Religious centre of Jainism
4. Shravanabelagola (d) The founder of Buddhism
5. Tripitaka (e) The founder of Jainism
Answer:
1. Gautama Buddha (d) The founder of Buddhism
2. Mahaveera (e) The founder of Jainism
3. Vajji (a) Republic
4. Shravanabelagola (c) Religious centre of Jainism
5. Tripitaka (b) The sacred books of Buddhists
Additional Questions:
1. How did Siddartha became Buddha?
Answer: Siddartha sought guidance from many sages on the ways of removing sorrow. Still, he could not find an answer about the root of sorrow. Finally, he sat under a Peepal tree in Gaya of Bihar and meditated for many days. He became enlightened there and Siddartha became Buddha.
2. What is the rule made by Buddha for his disciples?
Answer: Buddha made it a rule that his disciples should not consume liquor, practice violence, engage in corruption and untruthfulness.
3. The teachings of Buddha was found in which language?
Answer: The teachings of Buddha were easy and popular as he preached them in Pali, the common people’s language.
4. Which are the three pitakas?
Answer: Vinaya Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka are the three Pitakas. These sacred scriptured of the Buddhist are known as Tripitakas.
5. Who were the parents of Mahaveera?
Answer: Vardhamana’s father was Siddhartha was the head of a clan. Vardhamana’s mother was Trishala Devi.
6. Which is the name of the followers of Mahaveera?
Answer: The followers of Mahaveera are called as Jains.
7. Who are the Shwethambara and Digambara in Jains?
Answer: The followers of Parshvanatha, who wore white clothes, are Shwethambara. While, the followers of Mahaveera, who were not clothed are Digambara.
Activities:
Know about the Jaina Basadis in your place.
Collect pictures of Jaina Basadis and prepare an album with information.
