10th Standard, Social Science, Geography, CHAPTER – 25
INDIA – LAND USE AND AGRICULTURE
EXERCISES
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:
1. Utilising the land for a variety of purposes is known as Land use.
2. Growing Two-three crops on the same plot in a year is called Intensive Farming.
3. Farmers growing crops only to sustain themselves is called Subsistence farming.
4. Progress in the horticultural field is known as Golden Revolution.
5. The state is the largest producer of paddy in India is West Bengal.
6. The crops grown during summer is also known as Zaid farming.
II. Answer the following questions in brief.
7. What are the factors that influence land use?
Answer: The factors that influence land use are,
- Many natural, economic and social factors influence the manner in which land is used. The natural factors are land forms, climate are influenced on characteristics of soil.
- Land holdings, population, demand for agricultural products, profession, attitude of people, social and economic condition, marketing facilities are influenced on land use.
- Other factors like technology, irrigation facility, human capability, land ownership also have an effect on it.
8. What is ‘Agriculture’? What are the types of Agriculture?
Answer: Agriculture is one of the ancient occupation of human beings, has engaged in it since the beginning of civilization. Agriculture has been described as ‘the art of cultivating the land’. Cultivating or tilling the land and growing crops. Agriculture also includes fisheries, cattle-rearing and forestry.
Different types of farming exist in India. They are
1. Intensive farming
2. Subsistence farming
3. Commercial farming
4. Mixed farming
5. Horticultural farming
9. What is ‘kharif crop’?
Answer: The crops grown during the south-west monsoon season are called kharif crops. Seeds are sown in the month of June or July and crops are harvested during September and October. Maximum cropping area of the country is cultivated during this seasons.
10. What is meant by ‘rabi crop’?
Answer: It is the important cropping season in the receiving rain during winter months. North-western part comprises of Punjab, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, and in the South Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu are the states known for this cropping season. This Post Monsoon crop is called as ‘rabi crop’. Rabi crops are winter crops sown in the autumn (around October) and harvested in the spring (around March-April). They are grown during the winter season in India and require cool temperatures to grow and warmer, dry weather to ripen.
11. What are the factors essential for growing cotton?
Answer: The factors essential for growing cotton are,
- Cotton grows well in areas where temperature is 20° to 25° C with a rainfall of 75 to 150 cms.
- Black soil and loamy soil support the growth of cotton.
- Black cotton soil which can hold moisture is most suitable.
Additional Questions and Answers:
1 . What are the types of Land use?
Answer: The types of Land use are,
1. Net sown area
2. Forest area
3. Use of land for purposes other than cultivation
4. Fallow land
5. Grassland
6. Uncultivated land.
2. Which are the factors influencing to cropping pattern?
Answer: The factors which influencing to cropping pattern are as follows.
- Natural factors
- Economic factors
- Social factors
- Farmers’ attitude
3 . Which are the types of Crop Seasons?
Answer: The types of Crop Seasons are
1. South-west monsoon or kharif crops
2. North-east monsoon or rabi crops
3. Summer or jade crops.
4 . Which are the major crops growing in India?
Answer: The major crops growing in India are,
- Food crops: Paddy, Wheat etc.
- Commercial crops: Sugarcane, Tobacco etc.
- Fibre crops: Cotton
- Beverage crops: Coffee, Tea etc.
5 . What do you meant by Horticultural crops? Explain the growth of Horticultural crops in India.
Answer: Horticulture involves cultivation of fruits, vegetables and flowers. It consists of crops which yield harvest in a very short period. Horticulture is more intensive and commercial than other agriculture techniques.
India ranks first in the world in the production of mango, banana, chikoo and citric fruits. This progress of the horticultural field is known as the ‘Golden Revolution’. India has all the facilities needed for horticulture like diverse conditions, land forms climate, soil, irrigation facility, labour, market, governmental encouragement etc.
6 . What is Floriculture? Name the flowers which India is growing.
Answer: Floriculture refers to the productions of flowers for marketing. India is known for the art of growing flowers from the ancient times. India produces flowers like jasmine, champa, marigold, chrysanthemum, kanakambara, rose and lily are very important. There is a lot of demand for cut flowers like rose, orchids, gladiolus, lily, carnation, anthurium etc.
7. Which are the major states in India engaged in floriculture?
Answer: Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan and other states are the major states engaged in floriculture.
III. Activities:
1. Collect samples of the various food grains and pulses in India.
2. Mark the Sugarcane and Tobacco growing regions of India in the outline map of India.
3. Tobacco using is injurious to health. Collect the information from the near Doctor.
IV Projects:
1. Collect pictures and information about the various crops grown in your neighbourhood.
2. Conduct a group discussion about floriculture and women empowerment.
