6th Standard, Social, History, Chapter 13
Sultans of Delhi
Exercises
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable word:
1 In the first battle of Tarrain, Muhammad Ghori was defeated by Prithivi Raj Chauhan.
2 Allaudin Khilji built a fort named Siri in Delhi.
3 Ibrahim Lodi was defeated in the first battle of Panipat by Babur
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence:
1 Against whom did Muhammad Ghori win the second battle of Tarrain?
Answer: Muhammad Ghori win the second battle of Tarrain against Prithivi Raj Chauhan.
2 Who built Qutab Minar?
Answer: Qutbuddin Aibak built Qutab Minar at Mehrauli near Delhi.
3 Who was the only woman who ruled during the Delhi Sultanate?
Answer: The only woman who ruled during the Delhi Sultanate period was Raziya Sultana.
4 Who was the general of Allauddin Khilji who attacked South India?
Answer: Malik Kafur was the general of Allauddin Khilji who attacked South India.
5 From where to where did Muhammad bin Tughlaq shift the capital?
Answer: Muhammad bin Tughlaq shifted his capital from Delhi to Devagiri. Realizing that he had committed a great mistake, he shifted his capital from Devagiri back to Delhi.
6 Who was the Sultan of Delhi who claimed to be the ‘representative of God’?
Answer: Balban was the Sultan of Delhi who claimed to be the ‘representative of God’.
III. Discuss in groups and answer
1 What were the results of Mahmud Ghazni’s invasions?
Answer: About three centuries after the invasion of Arabs, Muhammad Ghazni of Turkish origin attacked India. Being the Sultan of Ghazni, a small kingdom in Afghanistan, he attacked India seventeen times. As a result, several wealthy cities in India were destroyed. Religious centres were destroyed. These include Sri Krishna temple of Mathura and Somanath temple of Gujarat.
2 State the achievements of Qutb-ud-Din Aibak.
Answer: After the death of Ghori, Qutbuddin Aibak started ruling Delhi independently. Qutbuddin was a slave to Muhammad Ghori. Hence his dynasty was called ‘Slave Dynasty’. He strengthened the Turkish rule in India by defeating his enemies.To mark his victory he started constructing Qutb Minar at Mehrauli near Delhi.
3 State the policies of Alauddin Khilji and their results.
Answer: Alauddin Khilji introduced several reforms in administrative, military and economic fields. He regulated the price of commonly consumed goods. He banned consumption of liquor and gambling. The guilty were severely punished. To conquer south India, he sent Malik Kafur, a slave with a huge army. Finally, Malik Kafur, out of greed for power, killed Alauddin and declared himself as Sultan.
4 Why did the policies of Muhammad bin Tughlaq fail?
Answer: The policies of Muhammad bin Tughlaq failed because he was shrewd, hasty by nature, lacked practical knowledge and had a strange temperament. It was Muhammad’s belief that instead of making Delhi as the capital, Devagiri which was in central part of India would be the centre of an empire. He passed strict orders that residents of Delhi should move there. Many people died on the way. Realizing that he had committed a great mistake, he ordered people to return back to Delhi.
Another experimental reform of Muhammad was that in place of silver coins he issued token coins of copper with the same face value. Consequently, people themselves began to mint copper coins. This experiment proved a great failure and weakened the financial condition of the state.
5 What were the social and economic conditions during the rule of the Sultans of Delhi?
Answer: During the rule of the Sultans of Delhi the burden of land tax fell heavily on the peasants. Muhammad bin Tughlaq further increased the land tax and collected it strictly. Consequently, peasants revolted.
Weaving was a major occupation of the people. The cities provided employment to a large number of workers on account of brisk construction work. The sultans were mainly importing war horses.
6 What were the contributions of the Delhi Sultans to architecture and literature?
Answer: The contributions of the Delhi Sultans to architecture and literature:
The main structures of the Delhi Sultans were the famous Qutb Minar (71 m tall), Alai Darwaza, an impressive entrance, Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque and the fort of Siri.
During the sultanate period, the Urdu language evolved. Amir Khusrau and Amir Hasan were great Persian poets of the period. Khusrau was a great musician and designed musical instruments such as tabla, sitar and others. The poet Jayasi wrote Padmavat, a sufi poem in Urdu. Ramananda, Kabirdas, Raidas and Meerabai were devout saints of this period.
IV. Match the contents in List A with List B and write.
A B
1. Jayasi a) Alai-Darwaza
2. Daulatabad b) Sitar
3. Alauddin Khilji c) Padmavat
4. Amir Khusrau d) Devagiri
Answer:
A B
1. Jayasi c) Padmavat
2. Daulatabad d) Devagiri
3. Alauddin Khilji a) Alai-Darwaza
4. Amir Khusrau b) Sitar
Activities
1 Collect the pictures with details of the monuments of the period of Delhi Sultans.
2 Locate historical places of the Sultans of Delhi on a map.
