7th Standard, Social Science, History, CHAPTER 6
IMPACT OF BRITISH RULE
EXERCISES
I. Answer the following in a sentence each.
1. Who introduced the Permanent Zamindari System?
Answer: The Governor General Cornwallis introduced the Permanent Zamindari System.
2. What is Ryotwari system?
Answer: The system where the farmers could directly remit the land tax to treasury without any intermediaries is called Ryotwari System.
3. How much money was set aside for Indian education in the Charter Act of 1813?
Answer: One lakh rupees was set aside for Indian education in the Charter Act of 1813.
4. Who implemented the Regulating Act? And when?
Answer: The Governor General Warren Hastings implemented Regulating act. This Act was implemented in 1773.
5. Which are the Indian universities established in1857?
Answer: The Indian universities were established in 1857 are, University of Bombay, University of Calcutta and Madras University.
II Discuss in group and answer the following.
1. How did Permanent Zamindari System influence the farmers?
Answer: The Zamindars exploited the farmers by collecting excess land tax. The land owners never gave attention to improve the agricultural output. The tenant farmers were forced to pay their share even though crops had failed. As a result, the agricultural output collapsed due to permanent Zamindar system. The company made farmers further poor by forcing them to grow commercial crops that were needed for their industries. All this resulted in growth of bonded labour.
2. Explain the impact of Western Education.
Answer: The traditional system of education slowly declined. The new education system enabled Indians from different languages to interact in English among themselves. This gave impetus to the growth of Nationalism. The European intellectual thoughts gradually entered the Indian Society and developed far-reaching consequences. This Educational System had a profound impact on Indian literature and led to new literary movements. Many sections of the society were exposed to social awakening. Historians have debates on the awareness created by this academic perspective, it was also a hindrance to the scientific identification of social and political conditions in India.
3. Mention some of the important Constitutional reforms in India.
Answer: The Constitutional Reforms in India started during the British rule. Many constitutional Acts are implemented in that time. They are as follows.
1. Regulating Act (1773 CE)
2. Pitt’s India Act (1784 CE)
3. Morley – Minto Reforms (1909 CE)
4. Montagu – Chelmsford Reforms (1919 CE)
5. 1935 Act
III Match the following items mentioned in ‘A’ with information given in ‘B’.
1. Warren Hasting a) Collection of tax by auction.
2. Cornwallis b) Permanent Zamindari System
3. Thomas Munroe c) Ryotwari System.
4. William Bentinck d) English Education
5. Dadabhai Navroji e) Wealth drain theory.
Additional Questions:
- What are the impacts of the land revenue system?
Answer: The impacts of the land revenue system are as follows.
British Converted land into a selling commodity.
- Instances of land auction and sales increased.
- As land tax was to be paid in cash form, the value of money gained prominence.
- To increase the income, Zamindars insisted on cultivating crops like cotton, jute, peanut, tobacco, sugar cane, and other commercial crops instead of food crops. It was profitable for the British as the commercial crops could get exported. But, this resulted in food shortage.
- Within the Zamindari system, new classes of farmers arose.
2. What is Mahalwari System?
Answer: Mahal means village or estate. The land tax was fixed for the Mahal. The local Zamindar was responsible for the tax collection of all the farmers in that Mahal. This system is called Mahalwari System.
IV Discuss.
1. The Revenue system of the British and the Present system of Revenue.
