10th Standard, Social Science, Geography, CHAPTER – 27
INDIA – TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION
EXERCISES
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:
1. The name of the international airport of Bengaluru is Kempegowda International Airport.
2. Roads is necessary for the development of villages and agriculture.
3. Mumbai port is called Gateway of India.
4. The tea port of India is Kolkata port.
II. Answer the following questions in brief:
5. What are the importance of roads in India?
Answer: The importance of roads in India are as follows.
- India is a country of villages and is predominantly an agricultural nation. Roads are very important for the development of villages and agriculture.
- Movement of agricultural produce by farmers to the markets is possible only by roadways.
- Essential commodities required by the villagers are transported with the help of roads.
- Road transport feeders rail ways.
- Roads provide the movement of goods.
6. What are the four types of major Roads?
Answer: The four types of major Roads are,
1) National Highways,
2) State Highways,
3) District Roads and
4) Village Roads.
7. What is meant by Golden Quadrilateral Project?
Answer: The Golden Quadrilateral Highways links the major metropolitan cities of the country like Delhi – Mumbai – Chennai and Kolkata through 4/6 lanes of national highways. The Golden Quadrilateral of 5846 kms length and the corridor highways of 7300 kms length connecting from North to South and East to West is a part of the National Highway Development Project.
8. Make a list of major ports in India.
Ansawer: The major ports in India are as follows.
Kandla: This is in the Gulf of Kachchh.
Mumbai: It is in the state of Maharastra. Mumbai port is called the “Gate way of India”.
Navasheva:It is located in the state of Maharashtra. Navasheva port has been built with state of the art facilities to relieve the high pressure of mumbai port.
Marmagoa: It is located at the entrance of Zuari estuary in a state.
New Mangalore Port: It is the most important port of Karnataka.
Kochi: It is in Kerala.
Tuticorin: It is in Tamilnadu.
Chennai: It is the oldest port of India. It has an artificial harbour. It is also in Tamilnadu.
Vishakhapatnam: It is a natural port and Located in Andhra Pradesh.
Paradeep: It is in Oddisha state. It is a recently developed port.
Kolkata: It is in west Bengal. It is a natural harbour. This port is called the “Tea port of India”.
Haldia: It is a newly developed port on the coast of Bay of Bengal to overcome the problems of congestion at Kolkata port. It is in West Bengal.
9. List out the problems of road transport in India?
Answer: The problems of road transport in India are as follows.
1. Many village and district roads become unfit for transportation during the rainy season.
2. Road transport is also the cause of environmental pollution, increased density of vehicles and accidents.
3. Roads are subjected to severe wear and tear due to rain, floods and cyclones every year.
4. Construction and management of national and state highways are inadequate.
5. Scarcity of the basic needs along the roadside in seen all over the country.
10. What do you mean by Communication Media?
Answer: Besides the traditional newspaper and radio, as a result of advanced electronic technology, communication network is widely spread in India and is rendering a great service. This is called Communication Media.
11. What are the types of communication? Mention the importance of Communication.
Answer: In addition to traditional mediums like posts, newspaper and radio, television, satellites, computer network, internet, e-mail, mobile telephones etc. are the main types of communication media.
The importance of Communication are as follows.
- With the help of communication media, people of the country can learn about the various incidents of different places.
- The people can aware of the policies of the government.
- By educating people through mass media about agriculture and industry, a speedy developmental process is possible.
- Mass communication media have become the fundamental requirement of trade and commerce.
- Mass media can be effectively utilized to strengthen the unity, integration and stability in the country.
12. How is GPS different from GIS?
Answer: The Differences between Geographical Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) are as follows.
- GIS technology-based maps are more attractive and give accurate information. GPS are useful in assessing the geographical position of natural calamities.
- GIS is a computer-based system which can accumulate and interpret the data on the earth’s surface. GPS is based on the information obtained from satellites, the distance between the individual and satellites is accurately calculated and the location of the person to the exact latitude, longitude, and height above sea level is given.
- GIS – Mapping population density, planning urban areas, or tracking natural resources. GPS – Finding your location on a smartphone or in a car.
- GIS is Software-based (runs on computers) system. But GPS is Hardware-based (relies on a GPS receiver) system.
- GIS – Various types of geographical, social and economic information can be easily analysed and models can be constructed. GPS – It is helpful for trekkers to know the exact location and routes.
13. Write about Remote Sensing Technology.
Answer: In the modern technology Remote sensing is very important. To collect information regarding the earth surface. It gathers information about distance without physically touching the objects. This is called Remote sensing. Aerial and Satellite photos are from the Remote sensing.
Additional Questions and Answers:
1 . What are the Problems of Road Transport?
Answer: The Problems of Road Transport are as follows.
1. Many village and district roads become unfit for transportation during the rainy season.
2. Road transport is also the cause of environmental pollution, increased density of vehicles and accidents.
3. Roads are subjected to severe wear and tear due to rain, floods and cyclones every year.
4. Construction and management of national and state highways are inadequate.
5. Scarcity of the basic needs along the roadside in seen all over the country.
2. Mention the Importance of Railways.
Answer: The Importance of Railways are,
1. They play a vital role in the economic development of the country.
2. They are very useful to carry heavy goods and large number of passengers.
3. They are useful to travel at a low cost.
4. They are useful to transport agricultural and horticultural products at a rapid speed.
3. Name the important Airports of India.
Answer: The important Airports of India are as follows.
- Indira Gandhi International Airport – New Delhi
- Chatrapathi Shivaji Maharaj International Airport – Mumbai
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport – Kolkotta
- Chennai International Airport – Chennai
- Kempegowda International Airport – Bengaluru (Devanahalli)
- Mangaluru International Airport – Mangaluru
- Sardar Vallababai Patel International Airport – Ahmedabad
- Lokapriya Gopinatha Bardoli International Airport – Guwahati
- Chowdary Charan Singh International Airport – Lucknow
- Rajeev Gandhi International Airport – Hyderabad
- Manohar International Airport – Mopa (Goa)
- Maharshi Valmiki International Airport – Ayodhya
4. What are the uses of Geographical Information System (GIS)?
Answer: The uses of Geographical Information System (GIS) are,
- GIS technology-based maps are more attractive and give accurate information.
- Various types of geographical, social and economic information can be easily analysed and models can be constructed.
- In recent years, GIS technology is being used to give advance intimation regarding weather phenomena.
- Since this is a computer-based analysis, maps can be created very fast without the need of a cartographer in a very short time and even maps can be modified.
5 . What are the uses of Global Positioning System (GPS)?
Answer: The uses of Global Positioning System (GPS) are as follows.
1. They are useful in assessing the geographical position of natural calamities. So that suitable safety measures are taken.
2. It is helpful for trekkers to know the exact location and routes.
3. Soldiers, pilots, fishermen and sailors use GPS to follow correct path and direction. Today transport authorities also use this to manage the movement.
4. GPS is the lifeline for many services at their door in the cities.
5. GPS shows path to google maps.
6 . What are the uses of Remote Sensing Technology?
Answer: The uses of Remote Sensing Technology are,
1. From these pictures, true, accurate and reliable information pertaining to that period can be obtained.
2. This is a fast, low-cost information collection system compared to geographical survey.
3. The information gathered by these can be easily analysed using computers.
4. Remote sensing images can be obtained from satellites regarding the extremes of climate and disturbances in the geographical features.
5. Studies related to natural calamities like typhoons, cyclonic storms, floods etc. can be taken up with the help of remote sensing pictures.
6. The role of satellite images is significant in analysing the natural resources like land use, forest area, water bodies, residential areas, distribution of crops, land erosion, coast etc.
III. Activities:
1. Mark and name the Golden Quadrilateral, Corridors and National Highways in the outline map of India.
2. Collect the satellite launching photos of India.
IV Projects:
1. Discuss on the transport system in your region with your friends in class.
2. Discuss about the necessity of the maintenance of village roads.
3. Collect the information of work and activities of ISRO in Karnataka.
4. Discuss the role of transport in the economic development of the country.
