10th Standard, Social, Geography, CHAPTER – 14
INDIA – WATER RESOURCES
EXERCISES
I Fill in the blanks with suitable words:
1. The Sorrow of West of Bengal is Damodar River.
2. The Sorrow of Bihar is Kosi River.
3. Biggest irrigation project of Karnataka is Upper Krishna.
4. Pampa Sagara Dam is in Vijayanagara district of Karnataka.
5. Hirakud project is built across Mahanadi River.
II. Answer the following questions in brief:
6. What is irrigation? What are the types of irrigation?
Answer: Irrigation means supply of water to agriculture from canals, wells and tanks artificially or manually. The types of irrigation are as follows.
1. Well irrigation
2. Canal irrigation
3. Tank irrigation.
1. Well irrigation: Supplying ground water by digging or drilling wells is called well irrigation. There are two types of wells. They are 1.Open wells 2.Borewells.
2. Canal irrigation: India is one of the important country in the world using canal irrigation. Vast areas of cultivable land can be irrigated by this method. There are two types of canal irrigation. They are,
a. Flood canals b. Perennial canals
3. Tank irrigation: It is practice in India since ancient times. Water is stored and supplied to cultivable areas through small canals or pipes.
7. What is multi-purpose river valley project? What are its objectives?
Answer: India has undertaken the construction of many river valley projects for the maximum utilization of river water resources. These projects have other purposes besides providing water for agricultural use. Such projects are called multi-purpose river valley projects. The main objectives of these projects are as follows.
1. Providing irrigation facility
2. Production of hydro-electric power
3. Prevention of floods
4. Creating facility for water transportation
5. Providing water for domestic and industrial use
6. Preventing soil erosion
7. Developing fisheries
8. Enhancing forest wealth.
8. Name the hydro-electric power projects of Karnataka.
Answer: The hydro-electric power projects of Karnataka are,
- Shivanasamudra
- Tungabhadra
- Jog
- Bhadra
- Alamatti
- Kali
- Supa
- Kadra
- Kodasalli Dam.
- ’Rain water harvesting is compulsory today’. Why?
Answer: ’Rain water harvesting is compulsory today’. Because Water is very precious. Although India has vast water resource, it is most unevenly distributed. Rainfall is confined to the rainy season. Even in areas of heavy rainfall, water shortage is seen during the summers. The only solution to the drought condition prevailing in India is ‘Rain Water Harvesting’. Collection of rain water is called “Rain Water Harvesting”.
- What is National Power Grid?
Answer: India generates power from various sources. All the states do not have sufficient electric power supply at all times. Hence, to supply power from surplus states to deficit states, a National Power Grid is established. With its help, excess power from any state can be supplied to any other power deficit state.
III. Match the following projects in ‘A’ with states ‘B’:
A B
i. Bhakra dam a. Lalbahaddur Shastry Sagar
ii. Tungabhadra dam b. Basava Sagar
iii. Almatti dam c. Pampa Sagar
iv. Narayanapura dam d. Govinda Sagar
e. Narmada Sagar
Answer:
A B
i. Bhakra dam d. Govinda Sagar
ii. Tungabhadra dam c. Pampa Sagar
iii. Almatti dam a. Lalbahaddur Shastry Sagar
iv. Narayanapura dam b. Basava Sagar
Additional Questions:
- Name the important multi-purpose river valley project of independent India.
Answer: The important multi-purpose river valley project of independent India are as follows.
- Damodar River Valley Project
- Bhakranangal Project
- Kosi Project
- Hirakud Project
- Tungabhadra project
- Nagarjunasagar Project
- Upper Krishna
- Narmada Valley Project
- Which are the important hydro-electric power projects of different states in India?
Answer: The important hydro-electric power projects of different states in India are as follows.
1. Karnataka: Shivanasamudra, Tungabhadra, Jog, Bhadra, Alamatti, Kali, Supa, Kadra, Kodasalli Dam.
2. Andhra Pradesh: Srisailam project, Ramapadasagar Project, Sileru project.
3. Telangana: Nagarjunasagar
4. Tamil Nadu: Mettur project, Paikara eletric project, Periyar project, Kundha project, Moyar project, Kodayar project etc.
5. Madhya Pradesh: Bansagar, Gandhisagar, Pench Project.
6. Maharashtra: Tata hydro-electric power project, Beera project, Vaitarana project, Koyna project.
7. Odisha: Hirakud project, Kolab project, Rangali project, Naraja project.
8. Bihar: Kosi project.
9. Gujarat: Kakrapara project, Kadana project, Ukai project.
10. Jharkhand: Suvarnarekha project.
In addition to the above, many other National Power Grid projects are found.
